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نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد حقوق، گرایش حقوق جزاوجرمشناسی ،دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه حقوق دانشگاه تهران-شمال، دکترای حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی ، عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد تهران-شمال، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مطابق ماده 301 قانون مجازات اسلامی سال 1392 قصاص در صورتی ثابت می‌شود که مرتکب، پدر یا از اجداد پدری مجنی علیه نباشد و مجنی علیه، عاقل و در دین با مرتکب مساوی باشد. ماده 301 ق. م. ا بیانگر این مهم می‌باشند بنابراین رابطه ابویت منحصراً قصاص را منتفی می‌کند ولی دیه و کفاره سرجای خود است و علاوه بر آن قاتل به مجازات تعزیری نیز محکوم می‌کند ولی دیه و کفاره سرجای خود است و علاوه بر آن قاتل به مجازات تعزیری نیز محکوم می‌شود لازم به ذکر است که صرف وجود رابطه ابویت مانع ثبوت قصاص است اگرچه پدر کافر و فرزند مسلمان خود را به قتل برساند. زیرا مقتضی منع قصاص موجود بود و علاوه بر آن اصل عدم اشتراط امر دیگر نیز موجود است. آنچه در این مسئله  قابل‌توجه است، نحوه ارتکاب عمل نوعاً کشنده است. در این مقاله پژوهشگر به دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال است؛ که چرا در ماده 301 قانون مجازات اسلامی مادر در ردیف پدر قرار نگرفته است؟ در پاسخ به سؤال فوق، این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که؛ حکم ماده 301 قانون مجازات اسلامی درجایی که مادر قاتل و مقتول فرزند وی باشد در ردیف مجازات با پدر نیست. روش گردآوری اطلاعات و داده‌ها نیز کتابخانه‌ای و استفاده از منابع موجود بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Crimes Retribution (Case Study: Article 301 of Islamic Penal Code)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Talieh Vedjani Fakhr 1
  • Mohammad Reza Elahi Manesh 2

1 Master of Laws, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Law Department, University of Tehran-North, PhD in Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty Member, Tehran-North Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

According to the Article 301 of Islamic Penal Code in 2013, retribution is proven if perpetrator is not the perpetrator's father or paternal ancestor, and the perpetrator is sane and equal to the perpetrator in religion. Article 301 of Islamic Penal Code expresses this significance. Therefore, parental relationship excludes retribution exclusively, but blood money and atonement are appropriate. Although the murderer is sentenced to deflation punishment, blood money and atonement are maintained. Furthermore, the murderer is sentenced to deflation punishment. The existence of parental relationship prevents the retribution proof, even if the infidel father kills his Muslim child. Since there was a requirement to prohibit retribution, and thus there is the non-requirement principle. It is worth to note the way of committing the act is frequently fatal. In the present article, the researcher seeks to answer this question that why mother is not included in line with father in Article 301of Islamic Penal Code? To answer, the hypothesis is raised that according to Article 301 of the Islamic Penal Code, where the mother is the murderer and the victim is her child, the punishment is not the same as that of father. The data collection was done through analysing the library-based resources

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spiritual Element
  • Intentional Murder
  • Intention
  • Frequently Fatal
  • Crime

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